Updated October 1, 2025

Our office has compiled the following general information about what you might expect if the government is shut down.  It is important to know that, in the past, agencies and others may have operated differently.  

Traditionally in the days ahead of a potential shutdown, each federal agency develops its own shutdown contingency plan.  In the past this was accessible on the Office of Management and Budget’s public website.  Currently, those plans have not been made public, despite the impending threat of a shutdown.  We will update this webpage on a rolling basis, as we receive new information.  

I submitted an inquiry to a federal agency through your office.  What will happen during the shutdown?

Our office is continuing to submit inquiries to federal agencies on constituents' behalf, but things will vary from agency to agency.  Some agencies will process cases, while others will not.  Generally speaking, you should expect delays.  Please contact our office for specific details about your case.  We will provide you with an update as soon as it is available.

I have a trip to Washington, D.C. planned in the near future.  What should I expect?

During a government shutdown, the Capitol Visitor Center will be closed and there will be no public tours of the U.S. Capitol building.  All Library of Congress buildings, the U.S. Botanic Garden, the White House, the National Archives, the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. Treasury, and the FBI Building will also be closed to the public.

Smithsonian museums and the National Zoo are allowed to continue operating on reserve funds, but will close to the public once that funding is depleted.  The Smithsonian has sufficient funding to continue operating through at least Saturday, October 11.

I would like to purchase a flag flown over the U.S. Capitol.  Can I still request one?

No.  The U.S. Capitol Flag Office will be closed during the shutdown, so flag requests cannot be processed.

Federal Employees

I am a federal employee.  Will I receive back pay for furloughed days? 

Yes.  After the 2018-2019 partial shutdown, Congress passed the Government Employee Fair Treatment Act, which requires retroactive pay for furloughed employees following the end of a government shutdown.  Generally, benefits such as health insurance continue during a shutdown furlough; however, federal employees may need to wait until they are returned to pay status before they can adjust their benefits.

The Office of Personnel Management's website also provides general guidance.

I am a government contractor.  What should I expect?

Government facilities will be closed.  No new contracts or modifications will be issued, and there will be delays in the acquisition process for procurements. 

Department of Agriculture

I rely on food assistance programs.  What should I expect?

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients will still receive benefits through October.  The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Nutrition Service establishes monthly SNAP benefits the month prior, so payments for October were already processed in September.  If the shutdown continues to drag on for an extended period, SNAP benefits may be delayed or interrupted entirely.

Child Nutrition Programs, including the School Breakfast Program and National School Lunch Program, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) will be allowed to continue dispersing benefits during the shutdown, subject to the availability of funding.  A prolonged shutdown, however, could lead to delays and interruptions.

Department of Defense

I am a member of the military.  How will the government shutdown affect me?

All active-duty military personnel will continue to carry out their assigned duties, but they will not receive pay until the government reopens and funds are appropriated.  Civilian personnel who are necessary to carry out excepted activities will continue to work, but they will not be paid.  Any civilian personnel who are not considered essential will be furloughed. 

Department of Education

I have a federally issued student loan.  How will this impact payments and administration of student loans?
The Department of Education will continue to issue Pell Grants and Federal Direct Student Loans and process Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) applications, contingent on availability of funding.  If you have federal student loans, you should continue to make your payments on time.

Environmental Protection Agency

Will the EPA continue to issue permits to states?
Certain EPA approvals related to intergovernmental agreements, permits, and for pending state requests (i.e., authorized/delegated state-issued EPA permits, State Implementation Plans, Total Maximum Daily Loads, Water Quality Standards) will cease.

Department of Health and Human Services

I am on Medicare.  Will I still be able to see my doctor?

Medicare benefits will continue during a government shutdown and health care facilities will still accept Medicare patients.

I am on Medicaid.  Will I still be able to see my doctor?

Medicaid benefits will continue during a government shutdown and health care facilities will still accept Medicaid patients.

Will I be able to file a Medicare claim?

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) will experience staffing shortages, which will affect the agency’s ability to process claims in a timely manner.  You should expect delays in the processing and payment of Medicare claims.

I am a health care provider and accept Medicare patients.  How will I be affected?

Because CMS will experience staffing shortages, the agency’s ability to perform administrative tasks and process payments may be impacted.  Providers may experience delays in receiving payments from Medicare.

Will Federally Qualified Health Centers continue operating?

Day-to-day operations will depend on the clinic’s individual funding and you should contact your preferred health center for further guidance.

My kids are enrolled in a Head Start program.  How will they be affected?

Day-to-day operations will depend on the program’s individual funding.  You should contact your child’s Head Start program for further guidance.

I rely on food from Meals on Wheels.  How will I be affected?

Federal funding for Meals on Wheels programs could be delayed, which could force programs to reduce, delay, or suspend services altogether.  Operations will vary at different Meals on Wheels programs.  You should contact your preferred provider for further guidance.

Department of Homeland Security

What impact will the government shutdown have on the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)?

Congress must periodically renew the NFIP’s statutory authority to sell flood insurance and borrow funds from the U.S. Treasury.  However, the NFIP’s statutory authority expires on September 30, 2025 with the government shutdown.  During a lapse in statutory authority, the NFIP cannot sell or renew flood insurance policies and must use existing funds to pay claims for existing policies. FEMA will pay out valid claims on existing NFIP policies until program funding runs out.

If I have an interview or appointment with U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services (USCIS), should I attend? 

Yes.  Biometrics appointments and interviews continue to be scheduled and conducted.

I have a pending application with USCIS.  Will it continue to be processed? 

USCIS will continue to operate as usual, including accepting and adjudicating immigration-related applications and petitions, but there may be some delays.

I am a business owner and am hiring new employees.  Can I use E-Verify to verify a new hire’s eligibility to work?

No.  E-Verify services will be suspended during the shutdown.  However, federal law still mandates timely Form I-9 completion for new hires.  Employers may continue to use the new alternate document review process for remote Form I-9 document verification during this time. 

Can I apply for Transportation Security Administration (TSA) PreCheck and Global Entry?

TSA PreCheck applications will be accepted.  However, Global Entry appointments for enrollment will be canceled as Global Entry offices will be closed.

I have flights booked for an upcoming trip.  How will this affect my travel?

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officials operating ports of entry are considered essential workers and will report to work.  Ports of entry–including airports–will remain open, and inspection of noncitizens seeking to enter the U.S. will continue.  

TSA agents are also deemed essential workers and will also be required to report to work and work without pay until the government reopens.  Travelers should expect longer wait times at TSA checkpoints.

Will the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) be operating if there is a natural disaster?

During prior shutdowns, most of FEMA's workforce was able to be dispatched to emergencies, but their funding source–the Disaster Relief Fund–is currently under extreme stress and in urgent need of additional funds.  Employees at FEMA are not expected to be put on furlough; however, limited funds may impact FEMA’s ability to respond fully to an emergency.  FEMA is currently limiting rebuilding projects in order to preserve funds for life-saving emergency response. 

Department of Housing and Urban Development

The Department of Housing and Urban Development has yet to publish a contingency plan in the event of a government shutdown.  

Department of the Interior

I have a trip planned to a national park in the near future.  What should I expect?

All of the country’s 425 national park sites will be closed during the government shutdown.  During the 2018-2019 shutdown, however, states like Texas used their own funding to keep parks and other sites open—though visitor centers and restroom facilities were closed.

Internal Revenue Service

The Inflation Reduction Act provided supplemental funding for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which will allow the IRS to continue normal operations in the event of a government shutdown.

For detailed guidance from the IRS, click here.

Department of Justice

Will federal courts still be open?

Postal Service

Will my mail still arrive?

In the event of a government shutdown, the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) will continue to deliver the mail.

Will post offices continue operating?

USPS operations will not be interrupted in the event of a government shutdown, and all post offices will continue to operate as usual.

Small Business Administration

Can I apply for a small business loan?

If the government shuts down, the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) typically stops processing new loans and approving routine small-business loans.

I am waiting on a small business loan.  What should I expect?

Processing for most SBA lending programs will be on hold while the agency's employees are furloughed.  Some disaster functions at SBA will continue, but at a limited level.

For detailed guidance from the SBA, click here.

Social Security Administration

Will I continue to receive my Social Security or Supplemental Security Income checks?

Yes.  During a government shutdown, recipients will continue to receive their Social Security and SSI checks.

I lost my Social Security card.  Can I request a replacement card?

Yes.  The SSA will continue to issue original and replacement Social Security cards in the event of a government shutdown, but expect delays due to decreased staff capacity.

I have a hearing scheduled.  Will that still occur?

Yes.  The SSA plans on continuing hearings and deciding cases as scheduled. 

I submitted an application. Will that be processed?

Yes.  SSA plans on processing applications for benefits, including appointments, corrections, requests for appeals, and post-entitlement actions. 

For detailed guidance from the SSA on the potential lapse in Federal appropriations and resulting partial shutdown of agency operations, click here.

Department of State

I have an upcoming international trip and need to request or renew a passport.  What should I expect?

The Houston Passport Agency will remain fully operational.  Passport applications will be processed and emergency passport appointments will be honored.  

For more information on how to request an emergency appointment at the Houston Passport Agency, click here. 

I am a United States' citizen living abroad.  Will the local United States embassy be open?

Yes.  During the 2018-2019 partial shutdown, United States embassies remained open to some degree, but U.S. citizens living abroad should prepare for delays in any application or processing requests as staff furloughs may occur.

Please note, hours of operations and service impacts may vary at each facility.  You can check which embassies and consulates may be impacted here. 

Department of Transportation

I am waiting for a permit from the Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA).  Will permits be issued during the government shutdown?

PHMSA will stop issuing new permits for hazardous materials.

Department of Veterans Affairs

Will VA clinics and hospitals continue operating?

Yes.  You will still be able to get your prescriptions filled and make appointments with medical providers in the same way you did before the shutdown.  All Veteran Health Administration (VHA) agencies will remain open and functional during a government shutdown.

I am a veteran.  Will I receive my pension on time?

Yes.  You will receive your pension checks on time.

I am a disabled veteran.  Will I receive my benefits on time?

Yes. You will receive your disability benefits on time.  

I am a veteran student who receives benefits under the GI Bill or the Veterans Educational Assistance Program.  Will I continue to receive payments on time?

Yes.  You will receive your GI Bill benefits on time.  If you are under the Veterans Educational Assistance Program, you will receive your payments on time, as well.  

Grants

Will I be able to use grants.gov to search for and apply for grants on behalf of my organization?

Grants.gov will remain operational and continue to provide limited help desk and administrative assistance to applicants; however, response times may be delayed.

Will applications submitted through grants.gov be processed and reviewed throughout the shutdown? 

This varies between the 26 different grant-making agencies and offices.  Please contact your agency or office of interest for further guidance or click here for federal agency guidance.

Will funding awards be announced during the shutdown? 

Agencies that are closed during the shutdown will not announce awards.

I live in Texas’ Seventh Congressional District and I have additional questions about my grant that is not listed here.  Who can I contact?

You can email our grants manager at grace.kuperman@mail.house.gov.

I still have a question not answered above.  Who can I contact?